Ubuntu Politics of Process: An Alternative Conflict Management Culture in Universities
Abstract views: 545 / PDF downloads: 383
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.29333/ejecs/1277Keywords:
Ubuntu, politics of process, conflict management, universitiesAbstract
Conflict is inevitable in an organization that depends on people’s collaboration and togetherness in actualizing its aims and objectives. A university system, which comprises staff, students, and other extraneous subjects and objects, remains under perpetual uneasiness due to interpersonal conflicts between members of staff, management and staff, students, and students and management or against other staff. The conflicts between these critical stakeholders are inevitable, not only because of the differences in their responsibilities towards organizational goals but because the place of individual differences can not be underestimated. This study presents the Ubuntu politics of process as an alternative to managing organizational conflict in the university system. The study answers questions such as: what are the Ubuntu politics of process, and how can it be deployed to manage or prevent conflicts? This article is theoretical and located within the transformative paradigm. A conceptual analysis was employed to interpret Ubuntu as a framework for alternative conflict management in universities. The concept of Ubuntu was presented, and its politics of process as the assumptions were also presented. The nexus between Ubuntu and conflict management was also argued. The findings showed that the spirit of solidarity and sharing, positive and optimist mindedness, compassion and inner goodness factors can minimize organizational conflict in the university system. The study concludes that the Ubuntu politics of process is a dimension of conflict management in the university system. Universities should promote solidarity and the spirit of sharing, positiveness, an optimistic way of life, caring and compassion, and inner goodness among stakeholders.
Downloads
References
Akinola, A. O., & Uzodike, U. O. (2018). Ubuntu and the quest for conflict resolution in Africa. Journal of Black Studies, 49(2), 91-113. https://doi.org/10.1177% 2F0021934717736186 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/0021934717736186
Akpotu, N. E., Onoyase, D., & Onoyase, A. (2008). Effective intervention conflict management techniques as perceived by academic staff, non-academic staff and students in Nigerian universities. Journal of Social Sciences, 17(2), 113-120. https://doi.org/10.1080/ 09718923. 2008.11892640 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/09718923.2008.11892640
Amadei, R. (2011). Conflict coaching. Mediate. https://www.mediate.com/articles/ AmadeiR1.cfm
Andrade, C., & Neves, P. C. (2022). Perceived organizational support, coworkers’ conflict and organizational citizenship behavior: The mediation role of work-family conflict. Administrative Sciences, 12(1), 1-12. https://doi.org/10.3390/admsci12010020 DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/admsci12010020
Arikewuyo, M. O. (2009). University management and staff unions in Nigeria: Issues and challenges. South African Journal ofEducation, 3(1), 15-22.
Biddle, C., & Schafft, K. A. (2015). Axiology and anomaly in the practice of mixed methods work: Pragmatism, valuation, and the transformative paradigm. Journal of Mixed Methods Research, 9(4), 320-334. https://doi.org/10.1177%2F1558689814533157 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/1558689814533157
Biswas, W., & Chakraborty, D. (2019). Impact of organizational values, compassion, and well-being on industrial disputes: An empirical study. Prabandhan: Indian Journal of Management, 12(1), 36-51. https://doi.org/10.17010/pijom%2F2019%2Fv12i1%2F141427 DOI: https://doi.org/10.17010/pijom/2019/v12i1/141427
Bochmann, R., Roepke, A., Koczielski, C., & Rindermann, H. (2018). The influence of inner drivers, positive thinking, motivation and social support on the attendance of lectures at german universities. In INTED2018 Proceedings (pp. 1882-1886). IATED. DOI: https://doi.org/10.21125/inted.2018.0335
Brummans, B. H., Higham, L., & Cooren, F. (2022). The work of conflict mediation: actors, vectors, and communicative relationality. Human Relations, 75(4), 764-791. https://doi.org/10.1177%2F0018726721994180 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/0018726721994180
Chisale, S. S. (2018). Ubuntu as care: Deconstructing the gendered Ubuntu. Verbum et Ecclesia, 39(1), 1-8. https://hdl.handle.net/10520/EJC-e830cc4ae DOI: https://doi.org/10.4102/ve.v39i1.1790
Dell’Anna, F., & Dell’Ovo, M. (2022). A stakeholder-based approach to managing conflictual values in urban design processes. The case of an open prison in Barcelona. Land Use Policy, 114, Article 105934. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.landusepol.2021.105934 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.landusepol.2021.105934
Dillard, C. B., & Neal, A. (2020). I am because we are: (Re) membering Ubuntu in the pedagogy of Black women teachers from Africa to America and back again. Theory Into Practice, 59(4), 370-378. https://doi.org/10.1080/00405841.2020.1773183 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/00405841.2020.1773183
Duckles, J. M., Moses, G., & Moses, R. (2019). Community-based participatory research and constructivist grounded theory: Aligning transformative research with local ways of being and knowing. In The SAGE handbook of current developments in grounded theory (pp. 630-648). https://doi.org/10.4135/9781526485656.n33 DOI: https://doi.org/10.4135/9781526485656.n33
Freedman, B. (2018). Conflict coaching in complex adaptive healthcare systems: Conflict resolution or transformation? Australian Journal of Clinical Education, 4(1), Article 6344. https://doi.org/10.53300/001c.6344 DOI: https://doi.org/10.53300/001c.6344
Frey, B. (2018). The SAGE encyclopedia of educational research, measurement, and evaluation (Vols. 1-4). SAGE Publications. https://doi.org/10.4135/9781506326139 DOI: https://doi.org/10.4135/9781506326139
Gade, C. B. (2012). What is Ubuntu? Different interpretations among South Africans of African descent. South African Journal of Philosophy = Suid-Afrikaanse Tydskrif vir Wysbegeerte, 31(3), 484-503. https://hdl.handle.net/10520/EJC125037 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/02580136.2012.10751789
Gallo, M., Malovrh, Š. P., Laktić, T., De Meo, I., & Paletto, A. (2018). Collaboration and conflicts between stakeholders in drafting the Natura 2000 Management Programme (2015–2020) in Slovenia. Journal for Nature Conservation, 42, 36-44. https://doi.org/10.1016/ j.jnc.2018.02.003 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jnc.2018.02.003
Genger, P. (2022). Ubuntu: The political paradigm Africa should endorse to impact the global community. In S. O. Oloruntoba & T. Falola (Eds.), The Palgrave handbook of Africa and the changing global order (pp. 257-278). Palgrave Macmillan. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-77481-3_13 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-77481-3_13
Gonzalez, N. J. (2022). Preventing communal violence in Myanmar: Power and legitimacy in local conflict prevention. Journal of Contemporary Asia, 1-21. https://doi.org/10.1080/ 00472336.2022.2050278 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/00472336.2022.2050278
Hanssen, M. M., Vancleef, L. M. G., Vlaeyen, J. W. S., Hayes, A. F., Schouten, E. G. W., & Peters, M. L. (2015). Optimism, motivational coping and well-being: Evidence supporting the importance of flexible goal adjustment. Journal of Happiness Studies, 16(6), 1525-1537. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10902-014-9572-x DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10902-014-9572-x
Hodgins, M., & Mannix-McNamara, P. (2021). The neoliberal university in Ireland: Institutional bullying by another name? Societies, 11(2), 52. https://doi.org/10.3390/ soc11020052 DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/soc11020052
Horvath, J. (2016). Conceptual analysis and natural kinds: The case of knowledge. Synthese, 193(1), 167-184. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11229-015-0751-z DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11229-015-0751-z
Ihuarulam, M. O. (2015). Management strategies of conflict between academic and non-academic staff of Federal Universities in South East, Nigeria [Doctoral dissertation, University of Nigeria]. http://www.unn.edu.ng/publications/files/17807_ management_strategies_of_conflict_between_academic_and_non-academic_staff_of_federal_universities_in_ south_east,_ nigeria.pdf
Jackson, K. M., Pukys, S., Castro, A., Hermosura, L., Mendez, J., Vohra-Gupta, S., & Morales, G. (2018). Using the transformative paradigm to conduct a mixed-methods needs assessment of a marginalised community: Methodological lessons and implications. Evaluation and Program Planning, 66, 111-119. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.evalprogplan.2017.09.010 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.evalprogplan.2017.09.010
Jimu, I. M. (2016). Shared sociability and humanity. Journal of Pan African Studies, 9(4), 404-412.
Jones, T. S. (2016). Mediation and conflict coaching in organisational dispute systems. In K Bollen, M. Euwema, & L. Munduate (Eds.), Advancing workplace mediation through the integration of theory and practice (pp. 89-110). Springer. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-42842-0_6
Kleinig, J. (2016). Philosophical issues in education. Routledge. DOI: https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315531458
Kumari, D., & Fernando, R. L. S. (2022). Determinants of student activism in state universities in Sri Lanka. International Journal of Social Science and Human Research, 5(2), 583-725. https://doi.org/10.47191/jsshr/v5-i2-25
Li, S. P., & Huang, C. C. (2022). The effects of positive psychological characteristics on individual creativity in technological universities in Taiwan. Asia Pacific Journal of Education. Advance online publication. https://doi.org/10.1080/02188791.2022.2083073 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/02188791.2022.2083073
Liu, Z., Heffernan, C., & Tan, J. (2020). Caregiver burden: A concept analysis. International Journal of Nursing Sciences, 7(4), 438-445. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijnss.2020.07.012 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijnss.2020.07.012
Mabingo, A. (2022). Decolonising assessment in dance education: Ubuntu as an evaluative framework in indigenous African dance education practices. Journal of Dance Education. Advance online publication. https://doi.org/10.1080/15290824.2021.2004313 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/15290824.2021.2004313
MacDonald, P., Kelly, S., & Christen, S. (2019). A path model of workplace solidarity, satisfaction, burnout, and motivation. International Journal of Business Communication, 56(1), 31-49. https://doi.org/10.1177%2F2329488414525467 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/2329488414525467
Mainardes, E. W., Alves, H., & Raposo, M. (2010). Exploratory research on the stakeholders of a university. Journal of Management and Strategy, 1(1), 76-88. https://doi.org/10.5430/jms.v1n1p76 DOI: https://doi.org/10.5430/jms.v1n1p76
Malihah, E., & Nurbayani, S. (2015). Teaching conflict resolution through general education at university: Preparing students to prevent or resolve conflicts in a pluralistic society. Asian Social Science, 11(12), 353-361. https://doi.org/10.5539/ass.v11n12p353 DOI: https://doi.org/10.5539/ass.v11n12p353
Maphosa, N., & Chiwanza, V. (2021). Caregiver experiences and the perceived role of social workers in caring for people with disabilities in South Africa. African Journal of Social Work, 11(3), 155-163.
McKibben, L. (2017). Conflict management: Importance and implications. British Journal of Nursing, 26(2), 100-103. https://doi.org/10.12968/bjon.2017.26.2.100 DOI: https://doi.org/10.12968/bjon.2017.26.2.100
Mertens, D. M. (2016). Advancing social change in South Africa through transformative research. South African Review of Sociology, 47(1), 5-17. https://doi.org/10.1080/21528586.2015.1131622 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/21528586.2015.1131622
Mertens, D. M. (2022). Transformative qualitatively-driven mixed methods: For a change. https://cpb-us-e1.wpmucdn.com/sites.nova.edu/dist/a/4/files/2022/01/Transformative-Qualitatively-Driven-Mixed-MethodsMertens.pdf
Metz, T. (2019). The African ethic of Ubuntu. https://1000wordphilosophy.com/2019/09/08/the-african-ethic-of-Ubuntu/
Moll, S., Frolic, A., & Key, B. (2015). Investing in compassion: Exploring mindfulness as a strategy to enhance interpersonal relationships in healthcare practice. Journal of Hospital Administration, 4(6), 36-45. https://doi.org/10.5430/jha.v4n6p36 DOI: https://doi.org/10.5430/jha.v4n6p36
Mugumbate, J., & Chereni, A. (2019). Using African Ubuntu theory in social work with children in Zimbabwe. African Journal of Social Work, 9(1), 27-34.
Nafukho, F. M. (2006). Ubuntu worldview: A traditional African view of adult learning in the workplace. Advances in Developing Human Resources, 8(3), 408-415. https://doi.org/10.1177% 2F1523422306288434 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/1523422306288434
Nankya, C. (2022). Workplace conflict management in small businesses in Uganda: A case study of Pinkstone Trading SMC Ltd [Doctoral dissertation, Makerere University]. http://makir.mak.ac.ug/handle/10570/10172
Ngomane, N. M. (2019). Everyday Ubuntu: Living better together, the African way. Random House.
Ngondo, P. S., & Klyueva, A. (2022). Toward an Ubuntu-centered approach to health communication theory and practice. Review of Communication, 22(1), 25-41. https://doi.org/10.1080/15358593.2021.2024871 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/15358593.2021.2024871
Ngubane-Mokiwa, S. A. (2018). Ubuntu considered in light of the exclusion of people with disabilities. African Journal of Disability, 7(1), 1-7. https://hdl.handle.net/10520/EJC-136682b517 DOI: https://doi.org/10.4102/ajod.v7i0.460
Ngubane, N. I., & Makua, M. (2021). Ubuntu pedagogy-transforming educational practices in South Africa through an African philosophy: From theory to practice. Inkanyiso, 13(1), 1-12. https://hdl.handle.net/10520/ejc-uz_inka-v13-n1-a2
Ntlapo, H. S. (2022). “Ubuntu” justice and the South African truth and reconciliation commission: A theological-missiological study [Master’s thesis, Stellenbosch University]. https://scholar.sun.ac.za/handle/10019.1/124537?show=full
Otieno, S. A. (2020). Ethical thought of Archbishop Desmond Tutu: Ubuntu and Tutu’s moral modeling as transformation and renewal. In N. Wariboko & T. Falola (Eds.), The Palgrave handbook of African social ethics (pp. 589-604). Palgrave Macmillan. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-36490-8_32 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-36490-8_32
Pinkevich, A. G., & Artemov, G. P. (2020). Place of mediation in the monitoring of the educational process conflict factors in the conditions of modern risks. Journal of Siberian Federal University, Humanities & Social Sciences, 13(2), 201–207. https://doi.org/10.17516/1997-1370-0551 DOI: https://doi.org/10.17516/1997-1370-0551
Popadynets, I., Andrusiv, U., Shtohryn, M., & Galtsova, O. (2020). The effect of cooperation between universities and stakeholders: Evidence from Ukraine. International Journal of Data and Network Science, 4(2), 199-212. https://doi.org/10.5267/j.ijdns.2020.1.001 DOI: https://doi.org/10.5267/j.ijdns.2020.1.001
Ramírez, Y., & Tejada, Á. (2022). University stakeholders’ perceptions of the impact and benefits of, and barriers to, human resource information systems in Spanish universities. International Review of Administrative Sciences, 88(1), 171-188. https://doi.org/10.1177 %2F0020852319890646 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/0020852319890646
Rampke, B. (2016). Interconnectedness, healing and harmony: The application of Ubuntu in peace research and in Namibian-German postcolonial disputes emerging from the return of human remains [Master's thesis, Tampere University]. https://urn.fi/URN:NBN:fi:uta-201606141900
Rego, L., Mohono, K., & Peter, G. M. (2019). Beyond Ubuntu: What the world can learn about building community from Africa. In Peace, reconciliation and social justice leadership in the 21st century. Emerald Publishing Limited. https://doi.org/10.1108/S2058-880120190000008015 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/S2058-880120190000008015
Romm, N. R. (2015). Reviewing the transformative paradigm: A critical systemic and relational (Indigenous) lens. Systemic Practice and Action Research, 28(5), 411-427. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11213-015-9344-5 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11213-015-9344-5
Romm, N. R., & Otten. (2018). Responsible research practice. Springer International Publishing. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-74386-8
Sherwood, A. (2022). What is positive thinking? https://www.webmd.com/mental-health/positive-thinking-overview#:~:text=Positive%20thinking%2C%20or%20an%20optimistic,or%20make%20light%20of%20problems.
Swanson, D. M. (2007). Ubuntu: An African contribution to (re) search for/with ‘a humble togetherness'. Journal of Contemporary Issues in Education, 2(2), 53-67. http://ejournals.library.ualberta.ca/index.php/JCIE DOI: https://doi.org/10.20355/C5PP4X
Tolsma, M. H., & Downing, C. (2016). An integrative review of Albertina Sisulu and Ubuntu: Relevance to caring and nursing. Health SA Gesondheid, 21(1), 214-227. https://hdl.handle.net/10520/EJC192559 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hsag.2016.04.002
Tutu, D. (2013). No future without forgiveness. Random House.
Ubalijoro, E. & Lee, S. (2022). Homo Ubuntu leadership for the twenty-first century. In G. Perruci (Ed.), The study and practice of global leadership (building leadership bridges) (pp. 51-66). Emerald Publishing Limited. https://doi.org/10.1108/S2058-88012022004 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/S2058-88012022004
van Breda, A. D. (2019). Developing the notion of Ubuntu as African theory for social work practice. Social Work, 55(4), 439-450. https://doi.org/10.15270/52-2-762 DOI: https://doi.org/10.15270/55-4-762
van Huyssteen, M., & Bheekie, A. (2013, November 20-22). Ubuntu: Interconnecting the African spirit with service-learning in Pharmacy [Paper presentation]. 5th International Symposium on Service-Learning. Stellenboch, South Africa.
Wiesner, C. (2022). Between optimism and pessimism: Rethinking EU politicisation in theory, conceptualisation, and research. In Tracing the politicisation of the EU (pp. 21-44). Palgrave Macmillan. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-82700-7_2 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-82700-7_2
Woermann, M., & Engelbrecht, S. (2019). The Ubuntu challenge to business: From stakeholders to relation holders. Journal of Business Ethics, 157(1), 27-44. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10551-017-3680-6 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10551-017-3680-6
Yidana, P. (2022). Workplace conflicts and perception of quality higher education in Ghana. Interdisciplinary Journal of Education Research, 4, 1-14. https://doi.org/10.51986/ijer-2022.vol4.01 DOI: https://doi.org/10.51986/ijer-2022.vol4.01
Zaidi, H., Ghayas, M. M., & Durrani, T. I. K. (2019). Impact of workplace spirituality on job satisfaction. RADS Journal of Business Management, 1(1), 49-57.
Zelnik, M., Maletič, M., Maletič, D., & Gomišček, B. (2012). Quality management systems as a link between management and employees. Total Quality Management & Business Excellence, 23(1), 45-62. https://doi.org/10.1080/14783363.2011.637781 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/14783363.2011.637781
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2022 Journal of Ethnic and Cultural Studies
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
By submitting a manuscript to JECS, authors agree to transfer without charge the following rights to JECS upon acceptance of the manuscript: first worldwide publication rights and the right for JECS to grant permissions as JECS editors judge appropriate for the redistribution of the article, its abstract, and its metadata in professional indexing and reference services. Any revenues from such redistribution are used solely to support the continued publication and distribution of articles.
Accepted 2022-09-06
Published 2022-09-28