Problems with the Policy Implementation of Learning Management During the COVID-19 Pandemic in Indonesia: A Retrospective Analysis for Post-Pandemic Policy
Abstract views: 743 / PDF downloads: 553
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.29333/ejecs/1130Keywords:
online learning policies, policy problems, policy recommendations, the covid-19 pandemic, education in IndonesiaAbstract
This study aimed to describe the results of research related to problems in the implementation of online learning policies during the COVID-19 pandemic and what the recommendations of researchers are for post-pandemic learning policies. This study used a qualitative approach with the documentation method as the data collector. The source of this research data comes from the publication of research results in the ERIC library and was indexed by Scopus for the period 2020–2021 (during the COVID-19 pandemic). The results of the study indicated that the aspects that were problematic in the implementation of online learning policies included: (a) pedagogic competence and technology mastery of educators; (b) student readiness and ability; (c) education stakeholder support; and (d) supporting facilities and infrastructure. So, to optimize the results and quality of learning during the COVID-19 Pandemic, it is necessary to take the following post-pandemic policy: (a) increasing the capacity of educators (in designing and mastering technology); (b) optimizing the support of educational stakeholders through socialization; (c) equitable distribution of student readiness in distance learning; and (d) improvement of supporting facilities and infrastructure.
Downloads
References
Adit, A. (2020). 12 aplikasi pembelajaran daring kerjasama Kemendikbud, gratis! Kompas.Com. [12 free online learning apps developed in collaboration with the Ministry of Education and Culture! Kompas.com.]. https://edukasi.kompas.com/read/2020/03/22/123204571/12-aplikasi-pembelajaran-daring-kerjasama-kemendikbud-gratis?page=all
Aditya, D. S. (2021). Embarking digital learning due to COVID-19: Are teachers ready? JOTSE: Journal of Technology and Science Education, 11(1), 104–116. https://doi.org/ 10.3926/jotse.1109 DOI: https://doi.org/10.3926/jotse.1109
Alexander, N. A. (2013). Policy analysis for educational leaders: A step by step approach. Pearson Education, Inc.
Aliyyah, R. R., Rachmadtullah, R., Samsudin, A., Syaodih, E., Nurtanto, M., & Tambunan, A. R. S. (2020). The perceptions of primary school teachers of online learning during the COVID-19 pandemic period: A case study in Indonesia. Journal of Ethnic and Cultural Studies, 7(2), 90–109. https://doi.org /10.29333/ejecs/388 DOI: https://doi.org/10.29333/ejecs/388
Almanthari, A., Maulina, S., & Bruce, S. (2020). Secondary school mathematics teachers’ views on e-learning implementation barriers during the COVID-19 pandemic: The case of Indonesia. Eurasia Journal of Mathematics, Science and Technology Education, 16(7), Article em1860. https://doi.org /10.29333/ejmste/8240 DOI: https://doi.org/10.29333/ejmste/8240
Ary, D., Jacobs, L. C., & Sorensen, C. (2010). Introduction to research in education (8th ed.). Wadsworth.
Assidiqi, M. H., & Sumarni, W. (2020). Pemanfaatan platform digital di masa pandemi Covid-19 [Utilization of digital platforms during the COVID-19 pandemic]. Prosiding Seminar Nasional Pascasarjana (PROSNAMPAS), 3(1), 298–303.
Baety, D. N., & Munandar, D. R. (2021). Analisis Efektifitas Pembelajaran Daring Dalam Menghadapi Wabah Pandemi Covid-19. Edukatif: Jurnal Ilmu Pendidikan, 3(3), 880–989. https://doi.org/ 10.31004/edukatif.v3i3.476 DOI: https://doi.org/10.31004/edukatif.v3i3.476
Bailey, D. H., Duncan, G. J., Murnane, R. J., & Au Yeung, N. (2021). Achievement gaps in the wake of COVID-19. Educational Researcher, 50(5), 266–275. https://doi.org/10.3102/0013189X211011237 DOI: https://doi.org/10.3102/0013189X211011237
Budnyk, O., Zozuliak-Sluchyk, R., Nedilskyi, S., Chervinska, I., Malanіuk, T., Prevysokova, N., & Ketsyk-Zinchenko, U. (2021). Modern digital distance learning technologies: Challenges of future teacher training. Revista Inclusiones, 8(1), 41–53. https://www.revistainclusiones.org/index.php/inclu/article/view/178
Damayanthi, A. (2020). Efektivitas Pembelajaran Daring di Masa Pandemi Covid-19 pada Perguruan Tinggi Keagamaan Katolik [The Effectiveness of Online Learning During the COVID-19 Pandemic at Catholic Religious Colleges]. EDUTECH, 19(3), 189–210. https://doi.org/ 10.17509/e.v1i3.26978
Daud, M. (2020). COVID-19: Laporan baru UNICEF mengungkap setidaknya sepertiga anak sekolah di seluruh dunia tidak dapat mengakses pembelajaran jarak jauh selama sekolah ditutup [COVID-19: A new UNICEF report reveals that at least a third of schoolchildren worldwide are unable to access remote learning while schools are closed]. Unicef Indonesia.
De La Roca, M., Morales, M., Teixeira, A. M., Sagastume, F., Rizzardini, R. H., & Barchino, R. (2018). MOOCs as a disruptive innovation to develop digital competence teaching: A micromasters program edX experience. European Journal of Open, Distance and E-Learning, 21(2). https://old.eurodl.org/?p=archives&sp=brief&year=2018&halfyear=2&article=771
Detiknews. (2020). Pandemi Corona, Pemerintah didorong terbitkan PP social distancing [The government is encouraged to issue social distancing government regulations in the case of the Corona pandemic]. Detiknews. https://news.detik.com/berita/d-4949725/pandemi-corona-pemerintah-didorong-terbitkan-pp-social-distancing
Dunn, W. N. (2017). Public policy analysis: An integrated approach. Routledge. DOI: https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315181226
Guillen-Gamez, F. D., Mayorga-Fernández, M. J., & Del Moral, M. T. (2020). Comparative research in the digital competence of the pre-service education teacher: Face-to-face vs blended education and gender. Journal of E-Learning and Knowledge Society, 16(3), 1–9. http://je-lks.org/ojs/index.php/Je-LKS_EN/article/view/1135214
Hermanto, H., Rai, N. G. M., & Fahmi, A. (2021). Students’ opinions about studying from home during the COVID-19 pandemic in Indonesia. Cypriot Journal of Educational Sciences, 16(2), 499–510. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.18844/cjes.v16i2.5627 DOI: https://doi.org/10.18844/cjes.v16i2.5627
Hikamah, S. R. (2021). Developing virtual communication skills in online learning based on modified PBL during the COVID-19 Pandemic. International Journal of Education and Practice, 9(2), 323–339. https://doi.org/10.18488/journal.61.2021.92.323.339 DOI: https://doi.org/10.18488/journal.61.2021.92.323.339
Hilli, C. (2020). Extending classrooms through teacher collaboration in virtual learning environments. Educational Action Research, 28(4), 700–715. https://doi.org/ 10.1080/09650792.2019.1654901 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/09650792.2019.1654901
Husni Rahiem, M. D. (2021). Indonesian university students’ likes and dislikes about emergency remote learning during the COVID-19 pandemic. Asian Journal of University Education (AJUE), 17(1), 1–18. https://doi.org/ 10.24191/ajue.v17i1.11525 DOI: https://doi.org/10.24191/ajue.v17i1.11525
Kasdiah. (2020). Dampak pembelajaran online di wilayah terpencil [Impact of online learning in remote areas]. Kementerian Agama Sulawesi Tengah. https://sulteng.kemenag.go.id/berita/detail/dampak-pembelajaran-online-di-wilayah-terpencil
Kemendikbud, K. P. (2020). Buku saku keputusan bersama 4 menteri tentang panduan penyelenggaraan pembelajaran di masa pandemi COVID-19 [A pocket book for adjusting the implementation of learning in the 2020–2021 school year and 2020–2021 academic year during the coronavirus disease of 2019 (COVID–19) pandemic: a joint decision of 4 ministers: minister of education and culture, minister of. Sekretariat Jenderal Kemdikbud RI]. https://bpmpkaltara.kemdikbud.go.id/2021/12/22/buku-saku-keputusan-bersama-4-menteri-tentang-panduan-penyelenggaraan-pembelajaran-di-masa-pandemi-covid-19/
Khalili, H. (2020). Online interprofessional education during and post the COVID-19 pandemic: a commentary. Journal of Interprofessional Care, 34(5), 687–690. https://doi.org/ 10.1080/13561820.2020.1792424 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/13561820.2020.1792424
Makruf, I., Rifa’i, A. A., & Triana, Y. (2022). Moodle-based online learning management in higher education. International Journal of Instruction, 15(1), 135–152. https://www.e-iji.net/dosyalar/iji_2022_1_8.pdf DOI: https://doi.org/10.29333/iji.2022.1518a
Mantasiah, R. (2021). Assessing verbal positive reinforcement of teachers during school from home in the Covid-19 pandemic era. International Journal of Instruction, 14(2), 1037–1050. https://doi.org/10.29333/iji.2021.14259a DOI: https://doi.org/10.29333/iji.2021.14259a
Martha, A. S. D., Junus, K., Santoso, H. B., & Suhartanto, H. (2021). Assessing undergraduate students’e-learning competencies: A case study of higher education context in Indonesia. Education Sciences, 11(4), Article 189. https://doi.org /10.3390/educsci11040189 DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/educsci11040189
Miles, M. B., Huberman, A. M., & Saldana, J. (2014). Qualitative data analysis: A methods sourcebook. SAGE Publications.
Moeinikia, M., Mehravar Giglouu, S., Kazami, S., Mirzaei Shojakhanlou, M., & Omidvar, A. (2022). Analysis of strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats of e-learning from the perspective of experts in the period of COVID-19 pandemic. Interdisciplinary Journal of Virtual Learning in Medical Sciences, 13(2), 127–136. https://ijvlms.sums.ac.ir/article_48539_e3d4df76054c3f369d08e889d31a5c9f.pdf
Patton, C. V, & Sawicki, D. S. (1993). Basic methods of policy analysis and planning. Prentice Hall Englewood Cliffs.
Patton, C. V, Sawicki, D. S., & Clark, J. J. (2016). Basic methods of policy analysis and planning (3rd ed.). Routledge Taylor & Francis Group. DOI: https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315664736
Pembatasan sosial berskala besar dalam rangka percepatan penanganan corona virus disease 2019 (COVID-19) [Government Regulation Regarding Large-Scale Social Restrictions in the Context of Accelerating the Handling of Corona Virus Disease 2019 (COVID-19)], (2020). https://peraturan.bpk.go.id/Home/Details/135059/pp-no-21-tahun-2020
Rahmadi, I. F. (2021). Teachers’ technology integration and distance learning adoption amidst the Covid-19 crisis: A reflection for the optimistic future. Turkish Online Journal of Distance Education, 22(2), 26–41. https://doi.org/ 10.17718/tojde.906472 DOI: https://doi.org/10.17718/tojde.906472
Rosana, F. C. (2020). Pro kontra kebijakan lockdown, ini tanggapan Jusuf Kalla. Bisnis.Tempo.Co. [Pros and cons of the lockdown policy, this is Jusuf Kalla's response. Bisnis.Tempo.Co]. https://bisnis.tempo.co/read/1320796/pro-kontra-kebijakan-lockdown-ini-tanggapan-jusuf-kalla
Sahara, W. (2021). Sebaran varian Alpha, Beta, dan Delta di Indonesia hingga 21 Agustus 2021. Kompas.Com. [distribution of Alpha, Beta, and Delta variants in Indonesia until August 21, 2021. Kompas.Com.] https://nasional.kompas.com/read/2021/08/23/09442981/sebaran-varian-alpha-beta-dan-delta-di-indonesia-hingga-21-agustus-2021.
Siron, Y., Wibowo, A., & Narmaditya, B. S. (2020). Factors affecting the adoption of e-learning in Indonesia: Lesson from Covid-19. JOTSE: Journal of Technology and Science Education, 10(2), 282–295. https://doi.org /10.3926/jotse.1025 DOI: https://doi.org/10.3926/jotse.1025
Sueca, I. N., Sumertha, I. W., & Winaja, I. W. (2021). A time-lag study on perceived threat of COVID-19 in Hindu religious community: Moderating role of hindu religious coping. Journal of Ethnic and Cultural Studies, 8(3), 217–243. https://doi.org/10.29333/ejecs/855 DOI: https://doi.org/10.29333/ejecs/855
Suharwoto, G. (2020). Pembelajaran online di tengah pandemi Covid-19, tantangan yang mendewasakan. Pusdatin Kementerian Pendidikan, Kebudayaan, Riset Dan Teknologi. [Online learning in the midst of the COVID-19 pandemic is a mature challenge. Pusdatin Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology]. https://pusdatin.kemdikbud.go.id/pembelajaran-online-di-tengah-pandemi-covid-19-tantangan-yang-mendewasakan/.
Sulisworo, D., Fatimah, N., & Sunaryati, S. S. (2020). A quick study on SRL profiles of online learning participants during the anticipation of the spread of COVID-19. International Journal of Evaluation and Research in Education, 9(3), 723–730. https://doi.org/10.11591/ijere.v9i3.20642 DOI: https://doi.org/10.11591/ijere.v9i3.20642
Sumardi, S., & Nugrahani, D. (2021). Adaptation to emergency remote teaching: Pedagogical strategy for pre-service language teachers amid covid-19 pandemic. Turkish Online Journal of Distance Education, 22(2), 81–93. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.17718/tojde.906553 DOI: https://doi.org/10.17718/tojde.906553
Surat edaran Menteri Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan RI: Pelaksanaan kebijakan pendidikan dalam masa darurat Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19 [Minister of Education and Culture Circular Letter: Implementation of Education Policy in the Emergency Period of the Spread of COVID-19], Pub. L. No. 4 (2020). https://pusdiklat.kemdikbud.go.id/surat-edaran-mendikbud-no-4-tahun-2020-tentang-pelaksanaan-kebijakan-pendidikan-dalam-masa-darurat-penyebaran-corona-virus-disease-covid-1-9/. DOI: https://doi.org/10.33474/yur.v4i2.11239
Vonderwell, S., & Savery, J. (2004). Online learning: Student role and readiness. Turkish Online Journal of Educational Technology-TOJET, 3(3), 38–42. https://eric.ed.gov/?id=EJ1101894
Weimer, D. L., & Vining, A. R. (2011). Policy analysis (5th ed.). Logman.
Yudiawan, A., & Sunarso, B. (2021). Successful online learning factors in COVID-19 era: Study of Islamic higher education in West Papua, Indonesia. International Journal of Evaluation and Research in Education, 10(1), 193–201. https://doi.org/10.11591/ijere.v10i1.21036 DOI: https://doi.org/10.11591/ijere.v10i1.21036
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2022 Journal of Ethnic and Cultural Studies
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
By submitting a manuscript to JECS, authors agree to transfer without charge the following rights to JECS upon acceptance of the manuscript: first worldwide publication rights and the right for JECS to grant permissions as JECS editors judge appropriate for the redistribution of the article, its abstract, and its metadata in professional indexing and reference services. Any revenues from such redistribution are used solely to support the continued publication and distribution of articles.
Accepted 2023-01-14
Published 2023-01-26